An Overview of Germanic Grisailles through the Stained-Glass Collection at Pena Palace

The lack of studies reporting the characterisation Germanic grisaille is evident, despite recent interest researchers in this glass painting material. This work consists first assessment grisaille’ chemical composition on a wide chronology (14th–19th centuries), that was only possible through unique stained-glass collection King Ferdinand II Portugal. From considerable amount panels produced territory and assembled by Ferdinand, twenty-two were characterised, some trends support typical recipes verified case study. A copper-based appears to have been preference up 18th century. 19th century shows higher diversity composition, with new compounds (such as Co, Cr, Mn) appearing colourising materials. However, limited number analyses, dispersed throughout time different geographic locations, results study are unprecedented, being able present overview stained glasses.